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Numbers Chapter
Twenty-eight
New King James Version (NKJV)
INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERS 28
In
this chapter is a repetition of several laws concerning sacrifices, as the law
of the daily sacrifice morning and evening, Numbers 28:1 of
those that were offered every week on the sabbath day, Numbers 28:9 and
every month on the first day of the month, Numbers 28:11 and
on the seven days of unleavened bread, Numbers 28:16, and
at the feast of weeks, Numbers 28:26.
Numbers 28:1 Now the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
YLT
1And Jehovah speaketh unto
Moses, saying,
And the Lord spake unto Moses,.... The number of the
children of Israel being taken, and orders given to divide the land unto them,
according to their numbers; it was thought proper by the Lord to renew, or to
put in mind of, the laws concerning sacrifices which had been made, and which
they were to observe when they came into the land of Canaan; and the rather
this was necessary, as it was now thirty eight years ago since these laws were
first made, and during that time were much in disuse, at least some of them:
and besides, this was a new generation of men that were sprung up, those that
were at Mount Sinai at the giving of the law being all dead, except a very few;
and now Moses also was about to die, and would be no more with them to remind
them of these laws, and see that they were observed; and a successor of him
being appointed and constituted, it may be likewise on his account, as well as
the people's, that these laws were repeated:
saying; as follows.
Numbers 28:2 2 “Command
the children of Israel, and say to them, ‘My offering, My food for My offerings
made by fire as a sweet aroma to Me, you shall be careful to offer to Me at
their appointed time.’
YLT
2`Command the sons of
Israel, and thou hast said unto them, My offering, My bread for My
fire-offerings, My sweet fragrance, ye take heed to bring near to Me in its
appointed season.
Command the children of Israel, and say unto them,.... For what
follows concerned them all; namely, the offering of their daily, weekly,
monthly, and anniversary sacrifices, which were not for private persons, but
for the whole congregation; and these might be considered by them not merely as
commands and duties to be observed, but as tokens of the divine favour to them,
that notwithstanding all their rebellions and provocations in the wilderness,
sacrifices for sin were ordered, continued, and accepted of by the Lord; and
his acceptance of them, and well pleasedness in them, may easily be observed in
the expressions used concerning them:
my offering, and my bread; by "offering"
may be meant in general all sacrifices which were offered to the Lord, and by
his command; and more especially the burnt offering, which was wholly and
peculiarly his, and is after explained by sacrifices made by fire, and it is
chiefly of burnt offerings this chapter treats; and by "bread" may be
meant either the shewbread, which was set upon a table before the Lord
continually, as his bread; so the Targum of Jonathan,"my oblation, the
bread of the order of my table, shall the priests eat, but what ye offer on the
altar no man has power to eat;'or else the meat offering, or rather, as it may
be called, the bread offering, which always went along with burnt offerings;
though the copulative "and", which is not in the text, may be
omitted, and both may signify the same, "my offering", that is,
"my bread"; for the sacrifices were the food of God, the provisions
of his house, of which there were all sorts in the sacrifices, flesh, bread,
and wine; particularly the daily sacrifice was his food every day, and the fat
of sacrifices burnt is called the food of the offering made by fire, Leviticus 3:16, so
Jarchi interprets it, "my offering", this is the blood; "my
bread", the "amurim", or fat that covereth the inward parts,
which were burnt on the altar:
for my sacrifices made by fire for a sweet savour unto me; which
respects burnt offerings, wholly consumed by fire, and were entirely the
Lord's, and which he smelled a sweet savour in, or were acceptable to him:
these the children of Israel were
to observe to offer unto him in their due season; the daily
sacrifice, morning and evening; not before morning, nor after evening, as Aben
Ezra observes; and so all the rest at the proper time fixed, whether weekly,
monthly, or yearly. The Jews, from this phrase, "observe to offer unto
me", conclude the necessity of fixing stations, or stationary men, as
Jarchi notes; so the tradition is,"these are the stations, as it is said,
"command the children of Israel, &c." but how can the offering of
a man be offered, and he not stand by it? wherefore the former prophets
appointed twenty four courses, and to every course there was a station at
Jerusalem of priests, Levites, and Israelites; and when the time of each course
came to go up, the priests and Levites went up to Jerusalem, and the Israelites
who belonged to that course went into their cities, and read the history of the
creationF4Taanith, c. 4. sect. 2. :'now these stations, or
stationary men, were substitutes for, or representatives of all Israel, and
stood by the sacrifices when they were offered, in which all Israel were
concerned, as particularly in the daily sacrifice, which is here first taken
notice of.
Numbers 28:3 3 “And you shall say to them, ‘This is the
offering made by fire which you shall offer to the Lord: two male lambs in their first year without blemish, day by day, as
a regular burnt offering.
YLT
3`And thou hast said to
them, This [is] the fire-offering which ye bring near to Jehovah: two lambs,
sons of a year, perfect ones, daily, a continual burnt-offering;
And thou shalt say unto them,.... Having directed
Moses to command the people of Israel to observe to offer all the sacrifices of
God in general, the Lord proceeds to order him to speak of them to them
particularly and distinctly; this, according to Jarchi, is an admonition to the
sanhedrim:
this is the offering made by fire, which ye shall offer unto the
Lord; the daily burnt offering, which was wholly consumed by fire:
two lambs of the first year without spot, day by day for a
continual burnt offering; this law was made before, and is directed to in Exodus 29:38 where
the same things are said as here, only, as a further descriptive character of
the lambs, they are here said to be "without spot"; so all sacrifices
were to be without blemish, whether expressed or not; and in this, as in other
things, these lambs were typical of Christ, the Lamb of God, without spot and
blemish; and are said to be a "continual" burnt offering, because
they were offered every day in the week, without any intermission, on any account
whatever, which is frequently observed in this chapter: and this was to
continue, and did continue until the Messiah came, who put an end to it by the
sacrifice of himself, as to any real use of it; and was in fact made to cease a
few years after, by the utter destruction of Jerusalem, and was before that a
little while interrupted in the times of Antiochus, Daniel 8:11.
Numbers 28:4 4 The one lamb you shall offer in the morning, the other
lamb you shall offer in the evening,
YLT
4the one lamb thou preparest
in the morning, and the second lamb thou preparest between the evenings;
The one lamb shalt thou offer in the morning,.... Every
morning, to make atonement for the sins of the night, as the Targum of
Jonathan:
and the other lamb shall thou offer at even; or
"between the two evenings", to make atonement for the sins of the
day, as the same Targum; in which they prefigured Christ, the Lamb of God, who continually,
every day, morning and night, and every moment, takes away the sins of his
people, through the virtue and efficacy of his sacrifice, John 1:29; see Gill
on Exodus 29:39.
Numbers 28:5 5 and one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a grain
offering mixed with one-fourth of a hin of pressed oil.
YLT
5and a tenth of the ephah of
flour for a present, mixed with beaten oil, a fourth of the hin;
And the tenth part of an ephah of flour for a meat offering,.... Which
always went along with the burnt offering:
mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil: which in
those times and countries was used instead of butter; and fine flour and this
mingled together made a "minchah", or bread offering, as it should
rather be called; of the measures used; see Gill on Exodus 29:40.
Numbers 28:6 6 It is a regular burnt offering which was
ordained at Mount Sinai for a sweet aroma, an offering made by fire to the Lord.
YLT
6a continual burnt-offering,
which was made in mount Sinai, for sweet fragrance, a fire-offering to Jehovah;
It is a continual burnt offering,.... For the meat
offering was burnt as well as the lambs, at least part of it:
which was ordained in Mount Sinai for a sweet savour, a sacrifice
made by fire unto the Lord; that is, this law concerning the daily
burnt offering was made on Mount Sinai, so long ago as the children of Israel
were there; and it was then ordered that they should continually offer such a
sacrifice by fire, which would be grateful and acceptable unto God, especially
when done in faith of the sacrifice of his Son it was a type of; or which
sacrifice was "made"F5העשיה
"quod obtulistis", V. L. "quod factum est", Pagninus;
"quod sacrificatum fucrat", Piscator. or offered at Mount Sinai, when
the law of it was first given there: hence Aben Ezra observes, that this is a
sign that they did not offer burnt offerings in the wilderness after they
journeyed from Sinai; but then, though sacrifices were not so frequently
offered by them as afterwards, yet one would think that the daily sacrifice
would not be omitted, which seemed to be always necessary; nor would there be any,
or but little use of the altar, and the fire continually burning on it, if this
was the case; see Amos 5:25.
Numbers 28:7 7 And its drink offering shall be one-fourth of a
hin for each lamb; in a holy place you shall pour out the drink to the Lord as an offering.
YLT
7and its libation, a fourth
of the hin for the one lamb; in the sanctuary cause thou a libation of strong
drink to be poured out to Jehovah.
And the drink offering thereof shall be the fourth part
of an hin for the one lamb,.... For the lamb offered in the morning,
along with the meat offering of which went a drink offering, which was of wine,
and strong wine too, as the next clause expresses it; the quantity of which was
the fourth part of an hin, which was about a quart and half a pint of our
measure:
in the holy place shalt thou cause the strong wine to be
poured unto the Lord for a drink offering; that is, in the court of
the tabernacle upon the altar of burnt offering, which stood there: the Targums
of Jonathan and Jerusalem interpret it of old choice wine, old wine being
reckoned best, see Luke 5:39, and
though this wine was poured out on the altar, and not properly drank by any,
yet it was to be the strongest, best, and choicest that could be got, as it was
reasonable it should; since it was poured out as a libation or drink offering
to the Lord, which was his way of drinking it, as the burning of the sacrifice
was his way of eating that; all which was typical of the sufferings, sacrifice,
and bloodshed of Christ, which are well pleasing and acceptable to the Lord;
see Isaiah 53:10.
Numbers 28:8 8 The other lamb you shall offer in the evening; as the
morning grain offering and its drink offering, you shall offer it as an
offering made by fire, a sweet aroma to the Lord.
YLT
8`And the second lamb thou
dost prepare between the evenings; as the present of the morning, and as its
libation thou preparest -- a fire-offering, a sweet fragrance to Jehovah.
And the other lamb shalt thou offer at even,.... As before
directed, Numbers 28:4,
as the meat offering of the morning, and as the drink offering
thereof, shalt thou offer it; some think that "caph",
"as", is put for "beth", "with", the letters
being similar, and so render the words, "with the meat offering of the
morning, and with the drink offering thereof"; but there is no need of
such a version, nor is it with propriety; and the meaning is, that a meat
offering and a drink offering were to go with the lamb offered at evening, of
the same sort, and in like manner, as were offered with the lamb of the
morning:
a sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord; this is
repeated, to encourage the people to offer it, and to show how very acceptable
it was to the Lord, especially the antitype of it.
Numbers 28:9 9 ‘And on the Sabbath day two lambs in their first year,
without blemish, and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour as a grain
offering, mixed with oil, with its drink offering—
YLT
9`And on the sabbath-day,
two lambs, sons of a year, perfect ones, and two-tenth deals of flour, a
present, mixed with oil, and its libation;
And on the sabbath day two lambs of the first year without spot,.... Just such
as were appointed for the daily sacrifice:
and two tenth deals of flour for a meat offering, mingled with oil; that is, two
tenth parts of an ephah of flour mixed with two fourth parts of an hin of oil;
of oil olive, as the Targum of Jonathan expresses it, which is always meant,
wherever oil is mentioned; which made one meat offering to them doubled for
both lambs, or two meat offerings of the same quantity with those of the daily
sacrifice, one for one lamb, and the other for the other:
and the drink offering thereof: which was of a like
quantity of wine doubled, in proportion to the meat offering; when these lambs,
with the meat and drink offerings, were offered up, is not said, whether the
one in the morning after, and the other in the evening before the daily
sacrifice, which is not improbable, or both together.
Numbers 28:10 10 this is the burnt offering for every Sabbath,
besides the regular burnt offering with its drink offering.
YLT
10the burnt-offering of the
sabbath in its sabbath, besides the continual burnt-offering and its libation.
This is the burnt offering of every sabbath,.... Or,
"of the sabbath in its sabbath"F6שבת
בשבתו "sabbathi in sabbatho ejus",
Pagninus, Montanus, Fagius, Junius & Tremellius, Piscator. , that is, as
Jarchi observes, the burnt offering of one sabbath was not to be offered on
another, but only on its own; so that if the sabbath was past, and the offering
not offered, it ceased; it was not to be renewed the following sabbath; every
sacrifice was to be offered in its own season, Numbers 28:2,
beside the continual burnt offering, and its drink offering; and meat
offering also, over and above the two lambs of the daily sacrifice; with the
offerings that were appendages to them, two other lambs, with proportionate
meat and drink offerings, were offered also; the other were not to be omitted
on account of these, showing that more religions service was to be performed on
sabbath days than on others: it may be rendered "after" or
"upon", to which sense Aben Ezra interprets it, after the daily
sacrifice; because, says he, he puts upon it the burnt offering of the sabbath;
which seems to confirm what has been suggested on the preceding verse, that
these lambs were offered morning and evening after the daily sacrifice, and
indeed there was nothing offered before that.
Numbers 28:11 11 ‘At the beginnings of your months you shall present a
burnt offering to the Lord: two young bulls, one ram, and
seven lambs in their first year, without blemish;
YLT
11`And in the beginnings of
your months ye bring near a burnt-offering to Jehovah: two bullocks, sons of
the herd, and one ram, seven lambs, sons of a year, perfect ones;
And in the beginnings of your months ye shall offer a burnt
offering unto the Lord,.... On the first day of every month, when the new moon appeared;
that this was religiously observed appears from the blowing of the trumpets
over the sacrifices on this day, from attendance on the word of the Lord, by
his prophets, on this day, and from abstinence from worldly business on it, Numbers 10:10.
two young bullocks, and one ram, seven rams of the first year
without spot; this was the burnt offering, and a very large and costly one it
was: more creatures were offered on this day than on a sabbath day; not that
this was a more holy day than that, but this was but once a month, and
therefore the expense might be the more easily bore, whereas that was every
week.
Numbers 28:12 12 three-tenths of an ephah of fine flour as a
grain offering, mixed with oil, for each bull; two-tenths of an ephah of
fine flour as a grain offering, mixed with oil, for the one ram;
YLT
12and three-tenth deals of
flour, a present, mixed with oil, for the one bullock, and two-tenth deals of
flour, a present, mixed with oil, for the one ram;
Verses 12-14
And three tenth deals of fine flour for a meat offering, mingled
with oil, for one bullock,.... The quantities of flour in the meat
offering, for each bullock, and for the ram, and for each lamb, are the same as
in Numbers 15:4 only
the quantity of oil for each is not here expressed, which for a bullock was
half an hin of oil, for a ram the third part of an hin, and for a lamb the
fourth part; and likewise the quantity of wine in the drink offerings for each
of them is the same here as there; which, according to the Targum of Jonathan,
was to be wine of grapes, and not any other:
this is the burnt offering of every month throughout the year; or, "of
the month in its month"F7חדש בחדשו "mensis in mense ejus", Pagninus, Montanus,
Vatablus. ; it was to be offered at its appointed time every month, and not to
be deferred to another: Jarchi has the same remark here as on verse ten. See
Gill on Numbers 28:10.
Numbers 28:13 13 and one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour, mixed
with oil, as a grain offering for each lamb, as a burnt offering of sweet
aroma, an offering made by fire to the Lord.
YLT
13and a several tenth deal of
flour, a present, mixed with oil, for the one lamb; a burnt-offering, a sweet
fragrance, a fire-offering to Jehovah;
Numbers 28:14 14 Their drink offering shall be half a hin of wine for a
bull, one-third of a hin for a ram, and one-fourth of a hin for a lamb; this is
the burnt offering for each month throughout the months of the year.
YLT
14and their libations are a
half of the hin to a bullock, and a third of the hin to a ram, and a fourth of
the hin to a lamb, of wine; this [is] the burnt-offering of every month for the
months of the year;
Numbers 28:15 15 Also one kid of the goats as a sin offering to the Lord shall be offered, besides the regular burnt offering and its drink
offering.
YLT
15and one kid of the goats
for a sin-offering to Jehovah; besides the continual burnt-offering it is
prepared, and its libation.
And one kid of the goats, for a sin offering unto the Lord, shall
be offered,.... This was an offering of a different sort, not a burnt offering,
but a sin offering, typical of Christ, who was made an offering for sin; and it
was of that sort of sin offerings which were to be eaten, as the Jews sayF8Maimon.
Hilchot Tamidin, c. 7. sect. 2. ; for there were some that were not, even such
whose blood was brought into the sanctuary, Leviticus 6:30.
MaimonidesF9Moreh Nevochim, par. 3. c. 46. p. 488. observes, that
this phrase, "unto the Lord", is very particular and expressive, and
that the design of it is, to observe that it was offered to the Lord, and not
to the moon, as the Egyptians did:
besides the continual burnt offering, and his drink offering; though the
burnt offering of this day was so very large, consisting of so many creatures;
and besides that a goat for a sin offering; yet the daily sacrifice was not to
be omitted, and what belonged to that.
Numbers 28:16 16 ‘On the fourteenth day of the first month is
the Passover of the Lord.
YLT
16`And in the first month, in
the fourteenth day of the month, [is] the passover to Jehovah;
And in the fourteenth day of the first month,.... The month
Nisan, as the Targum of Jonathan or Abib, which, upon the Israelites coming out
of Egypt, and on that account, was made the first month; otherwise Tisri or
September was the first month, see Exodus 12:2,
is the passover of the Lord; a feast in
which a lamb was killed and eaten, in memory of the Lord's passing over the
houses of the Israelites, when he slew the firstborn in Egypt; see Exodus 12:6.
Numbers 28:17 17 And on the fifteenth day of this month is the
feast; unleavened bread shall be eaten for seven days.
YLT
17and in the fifteenth day of
this month [is] a festival, seven days unleavened food is eaten;
And in the fifteenth day of this month is the feast,.... Not of
the passover, that was the day before, but of unleavened bread, which began on
this day, and lasted seven days, Leviticus 23:6
which is what the Jews call the Chagigah:
seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten; see Exodus 12:15.
Numbers 28:18 18 On the first day you shall have a holy
convocation. You shall do no customary work.
YLT
18in the first day [is] an
holy convocation, ye do no servile work,
In the first day shall be an holy convocation,.... The first
of the seven days, which was kept in a very religious manner:
ye shall do no manner of servile work therein; except by
preparing food to eat; see Exodus 12:16.
Numbers 28:19 19 And you shall present an offering made by fire as a
burnt offering to the Lord: two young bulls, one ram, and
seven lambs in their first year. Be sure they are without blemish.
YLT
19and ye have brought near a
fire-offering, a burnt-offering to Jehovah: two bullocks, sons of the herd, and
one ram, and seven lambs, sons of a year, perfect ones they are for you;
But ye shall offer a sacrifice made by fire for a burnt offering
unto the Lord,.... Which was to be of the creatures next mentioned:
two young bullocks, &c. the same with the burnt offering on
the first day of the month, Numbers 28:11.
Numbers 28:20 20 Their grain offering shall be of fine flour mixed with
oil: three-tenths of an ephah you shall offer for a bull, and two-tenths
for a ram;
YLT
20and their present, flour
mixed with oil, three-tenth deals for a bullock, and two-tenth deals for a ram
ye do prepare;
Verse 20-21
And their meat offering,.... The quantity of
flour for which is the same for a bullock, a ram, and a lamb, as in Numbers 28:12.
Numbers 28:21 21 you shall offer one-tenth of an ephah for each
of the seven lambs;
YLT
21a several tenth deal thou
preparest for the one lamb, for the seven lambs,
Numbers 28:22 22 also one goat as a sin offering, to make
atonement for you.
YLT
22and one goat, a
sin-offering, to make atonement for you.
And one goat for a sin offering, to make atonement for you. For notwithstanding
all their services and sacrifices, and though this day was an holy convocation,
yet there was need of a sin offering to expiate their guilt, typical of Christ,
who takes away the sins of our holy things as well as all other sins: this sin
offering also was of that sort which were eaten; for Maimonides saysF11Maimon.
Hilchot Tamidin, c. 7. sect. 3. , the goat of the sin offering was eaten on the
second day of the passover, which was the sixteenth of Nisan.
Numbers 28:23 23 You shall offer these besides the burnt offering of
the morning, which is for a regular burnt offering.
YLT
23`Apart from the
burnt-offering of the morning, which [is] for the continual burnt-offering, ye
prepare these;
Ye shall offer these beside the burnt offering in the morning,.... The daily
morning sacrifice, and also besides the daily evening sacrifices, though it is
not expressed:
which is for a continual burnt offering; and not to be
intermitted on any account, let the sacrifices of the day be ever so numerous;
great care is taken to observe this.
Numbers 28:24 24 In this manner you shall offer the food of the
offering made by fire daily for seven days, as a sweet aroma to the Lord; it shall be offered besides the regular burnt offering and its
drink offering.
YLT
24according to these ye
prepare daily, seven days, bread of a fire-offering, a sweet fragrance, to
Jehovah; besides the continual burnt-offering it is prepared, and its libation;
After this manner ye shall offer daily throughout the seven days,.... That is,
two bullocks, one ram, and seven lambs, for a burnt offering, on everyone of
the seven days; but then they were not all holy convocations, only the first
and last:
the meat of the sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the
Lord; it seems by this that only the burnt offering was offered up
every day, but not a goat of the sin offering, that was peculiar to the first
day:
it shall be offered beside the continual burnt offering, and his
drink offering; which is again repeated, that it might be diligently observed.
Numbers 28:25 25 And on the seventh day you shall have a holy
convocation. You shall do no customary work.
YLT
25and on the seventh day a
holy convocation ye have, ye do no servile work.
And on the seventh day ye shall have an holy convocation,.... As on the
first:
ye shall do no servile work; unless in dressing food.
Numbers 28:26 26 ‘Also on the day of the firstfruits, when you bring a
new grain offering to the Lord at your Feast of Weeks,
you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no customary work.
YLT
26`And in the day of the
first-fruits, in your bringing near a new present to Jehovah, in your weeks, a
holy convocation ye have; ye do no servile work;
Also in the day of the firstfruits,.... When the firstfruits
of the wheat harvest were brought unto the Lord, which was the day of
Pentecost, fifty days from the sheaf of the wave offering being brought:
when ye bring a new meat offering unto the Lord; that is, a
meat offering made of the new corn, which were two wave loaves of two tenth
deals of fine flour, baked with leaven, Leviticus 23:15.
after your weeks be out; the seven weeks from the
passover to Pentecost, even seven complete sabbaths or weeks, Leviticus 23:15.
ye shall have an holy convocation, ye shall do no servile work; see Leviticus 23:21.
Numbers 28:27 27 You shall present a burnt offering as a sweet aroma to
the Lord: two young bulls, one ram, and seven lambs in their first year,
YLT
27and ye have brought near a
burnt-offering for sweet fragrance to Jehovah: two bullocks, sons of the herd,
one ram, seven lambs, sons of a year,
Verses 27-30
But ye shall offer the burnt offering for a sweet savour unto the
Lord,.... Which was of the same kind, and was of the same number of
creatures as on the first day of the month, and on the seven days of unleavened
bread, Numbers 28:11, and
the meat offering which went along with this was of the same quantity of flour
to each creature as in the above mentioned sacrifices; and on this day also was
offered a kid of the goats for a sin offering; and there were also peace
offerings which are not mentioned here, nor is there any mention of any in the
whole chapter; see Leviticus 23:19.
Numbers 28:28 28 with their grain offering of fine flour mixed with
oil: three-tenths of an ephah for each bull, two-tenths for the one ram,
YLT
28and their present, flour
mixed with oil, three-tenth deals to the one bullock, two-tenth deals to the
one ram,
Numbers 28:29 29 and one-tenth for each of the seven lambs;
YLT
29a several tenth deal to the
one lamb, for the seven lambs;
Numbers 28:30 30 also one kid of the goats, to make atonement
for you.
YLT
30one kid of the goats to
make atonement for you;
Numbers 28:31 31 Be sure they are without blemish. You shall present them
with their drink offerings, besides the regular burnt offering with its grain
offering.
YLT
31apart from the continual
burnt-offering and its present ye prepare [them] (perfect ones they are for
you) and their libations.
And ye shall offer them besides the continual burnt offering, and
his meat offering,.... The daily sacrifice of the morning and evening, so often
mentioned in this chapter, and so frequently inculcated as not to be omitted,
either in the weekly, monthly, or anniversary festivals; it being so necessary
a sacrifice, and so eminent a type of the great sacrifice of the Messiah:
they shall be unto you without blemish, and their drink offerings; the flour, of
which the meat offerings were made, was to be pure and clean, and free from
vermin; and the wine for the drink offering was not to be palled, and dead, and
dreggy: of the former, it is said in the MisnahF12Menachot, c. 8.
sect. 2. ,"the treasurer puts his hand into it (the flour); if there comes
any dust with it,'it is rejected; if it produces worms, it is rejected: this,
the commentators sayF13Maimon. & Bartenora in Misn. Menachot, c.
8. sect. 2. , is to be understood, if the greatest part of it is such; and with
respect to the latter, Jarchi says, our Rabbins learn from hence (this passage
of Scripture) that wine in which flour rises (or a dregginess like flour) it is
unfit for drink offerings, for they should be perfect: this denotes the purity
of Christ, the bread of life, and his spotless and perfect sacrifice, when his
soul was poured out unto death.
──《John Gill’s
Exposition of the Bible》